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Let us learn Hindi


Let us learn Hindi Jaya & Chaman Lal Raina


Lesson No: 2 हिन्दी का पाठ, संख्या: २ Hindi PaaTh samkhyaa: 2 We congratulate you for taking interest in learning the Hindi alphabets, written in the Devanagari script. About this Script : 1 All the Hindi alphabets are written from left to the right. 2 All the alphabets are formed with a bar and either with a curve or a straight line and both. View these alphabetical formations: 2 The alphabets from अ आ इ ई उ ऊ a aa i ii u uu ए ऐ ओ औ अं अः e ai o au aM aH are called the स्वर--svara (vowels). Any word which has its first/ starting sound from a to au i.e. अ आ इ ई उ ऊ a aa i ii u uu ए ऐ ओ औ e ai o au , are written in the same manner as the alphabet is in the beginning of a word; Example:-- aba--अब, starts with अ a, aaja-- आज, starts withआ aa,iklaotaa-- इकलौता withइ i,iikha --ईख withई ii, ulloo उल्लू with उ u, oo.NTa --ऊँट withyऊँ uu,ekataaraa--- एकतारा with एक e, ainaka--- ऐनक with ai,okhalii--- ओखली with ओ o, aurata--- औरत with औ--au. We have the popular word for ऋ-R^i 0r ri is ऋषि--Rishi or R^iShi, in Hindi.We have R^itu-ऋतु as we, pronounced as ritu. Let us now see about the Maatras-- मात्रा related to the consonants. What is Maatraa? Maatra literally means the measurement. But in Hindi Grammar ,maatra is known as the limbs of the Devanagari characters. It is the symbol characerisibg the vowels in the symbolic from aa --आ to ah--अः let us try to understand the formation of ka-- क् + अ= क / Ka. It is k+a, where क् / k is consonant added with vowel अ/a. The symbols of Maatraas are shown with the Red Color क का कि की कु कू क क ा क ि क ी क ु क ू के कै को कौ कं क े क ै क ो क ौ क्ं क ः We have the Maatraa for ऋ R^I , which is used with some words like kR^Ishi, कृ + षि= कृषि, सृ +ष्टि= सृष्टि sR&iShTi etc, in Hindi . We can make the rhyme as; क का कि की कु कू के कै को कौ Ka kaa ki kii ku kuu ke kai ko kau कं कः kam kaH The Five Families of consonants are: कवर्ग चवर्ग टवर्ग तवर्ग पवर्ग and अन्तस्थ ऊष्म We have to repeat the rhyme with all the consonants of the Ka --क Family known as Kavarga -कवर्ग, followed by Cha-चवर्ग Family Chavarga Ta Family known as Tavarga-टवर्ग, tavatga- तवर्ग for ta Family and Pavarga-पवर्ग for Pa Family We need to rhyme it with "ya-- ra --la --va" and "-sha- Sha -sa -ha". य र ल व श ष स ह like yay yayaa yi yii yu yuu ye yai yo yao yaM yaH Next lesson will be on the SaMyukta Varna / joint alphabets or ligatures. send your e-mail to rainachamanlal@yahoo.com

**About the Authors Jaya Sibu writes in Hindi and Kashmiri. She is the recipient of Bhagwan Gopinath Research Fellowship. Some of his Kashmiri poems have been translated by Amrita index.html Pritam in Hindi. Before migration, she served as a Senior Teacher in Kashmir. She also has a Diploma in Domestic sciences. Chaman Lal Raina has specialized in the teaching of Hindi. He taught " Research Methodology Course" at the University of Kashmir and "Teaching of Hindi" to the B.Ed Students, through Distance Education Program . His Monograph on "Kshemendra" in Kashmiri has been published by the Sahitya Academy, New-Delhi, India. He writes in Hindi, Kashmiri, Sanskrit and English.

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